Abstract
BackgroundMyrianthus arboreus P. Beauv. (Cecropiaceae) is a medicinal plant used to treat female infertility. The aqueous extract of M. arboreus leaves was found to improve the fertility of healthy female Wistar rats. In the present study, we proposed evaluating the effects of such an extract on an animal model of infertility caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), in order to bring scientific evidence to the curative action of this plant against female infertility.MethodsFollowing a 21-day administration (gavage) of letrozole (1 mg/kg), animals with PCOS, indicated by overweight and an estrous cycle blocked in the diestrus phase, were co-treated with letrozole (1 mg/kg) and the aqueous extract of M. arboreus leaves at doses of 20, 110 and 200 mg/kg. The positive control received clomiphene citrate (1 mg/kg) and metformin (200 mg/kg). The negative control received distilled water. Each group of animals was made up of 10 female rats. Vaginal smear was examined 7 days before and during co-treatments. Co-treatments were orally administered for 30 consecutive days and 5 animals per group were sacrificed thereafter for biochemical and histological analyses. The 5 remaining animals in each group were crossbred with males of proven fertility for 5 consecutive days. The daily examination of vaginal smears allowed evaluating fertility index. Following parturition, gestation rate was calculated.ResultsThe aqueous extract of M. arboreus leaves reversed letrozole effects by decreasing body weight, abdominal fat accumulation, and serum levels of LH and testosterone (p < 0.001). Ovarian dynamic was improved and the number of tertiary, Graafian follicles (p < 0.001) and corpus luteum increased while that of cystic (p < 0.001) and atretic follicles (p < 0.01) decreased. These effects were associated with increased serum levels of estradiol, decreased ovarian oxidative stress, the resumption of the estrous cycle, the hypertrophy of uterine epithelial cells and increased fertility index and gestation rate.ConclusionsThese results justify at least in part, the traditional use of M. arboreus against female infertility and suggest that this plant could be a promising alternative treatment to improve symptoms associated with different PCOS phenotypes.
Highlights
Mvondo et al BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2020) 20:275 (Continued from previous page). These results justify at least in part, the traditional use of M. arboreus against female infertility and suggest that this plant could be a promising alternative treatment to improve symptoms associated with different polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes
In order to test the hypothesis according to which plants with fertilizing and anti-diabetic properties are potential alternatives for the treatment of PCOS, and to bring scientific evidence to the curative action of this plant against female infertility, we investigated the ability of the aqueous extract of M. arboreus leaves to relieve PCOS-associated symptoms and to restore the fertility of PCOS animals
The aqueous extract of M. arboreus leaves induced a similar effect at tested doses
Summary
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent reproductive endocrinopathies affecting 6–10% of reproductive-age women [1] and 40% of them experience infertility [2]. The latter is known as a failure to conceive after 1 year of appropriately timed unprotected intercourse [3]. Premature maturation and differentiation of granulosa cells were reported to induce preantral follicular growth arrest, anovulation and cyst formation [7, 8]. All these events could affect fertility in women with PCOS
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