THE LABOR EMPLOYMENT OF ADOLESCENT STUDENTS: REGIONAL FEATURES, FACTORS AND HEALTH RISK GROUPS

Abstract

The study was carried out to establish hygienic estimate of labor employment and its effect of health of adolescents in various regions of Russia. The questionnaire survey of 1 500 individuals (senior high school students and students of professional education colleges) was implemented in four regions of the Russian Federation (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Omsk and Pskovsk regions). The quality of life related to health was estimated using standard questionnaire MOS SF-36. It is established that 41.2% of adolescents worked during time free of lessons. In Moscow, number of working adolescents is reliably lower than in other regions (32.8%). The prevalence of illegal labor activity in all oblasts is demonstrated. The regional features of of structure of labor employment according types of work and causes of labor activity is established. The study confirmed that labor activity in adolescent age is a health risk factor. The analysis of health risks demonstrated that in adolescents working all days of week during academic year are established risks of health complaints: leg pains (OR = 2.1, RR = 1.7, EF = 39.4%) in St. Petersburg, back pains (OR = 1.9, RR = 1.5, EF = 35.2%) in Omsk, heartburn (OR = 2.1, RR = 2.4, EF = 44.5%) and other disorders of digestion (OR = 2.4, RR = 1.9, EF = 48.4%) in Pskov. The increased risks are established in adolescents permanently working during academic year: occurrence of health complaints (OR = 2.6, RR = 1.6, EF = 38.8%) in Pskov, complaints on leg pains (OR = 3.2, RR = 2, EF = 49.5%) in Moscow, heartburn (OR = 4.7, RR = 3.4, EF = 70.5%) in Omsk, other disorders of digestion (OR = 4.3, RR = 2.8, EF = 64.4%) in Pskov. In these groups of working adolescents lower levels of indicator of quality of life related to health (according MOS SF-36) - BP scale (pain intensity) are established.