Abstract
The noninterconnected island of Kythnos (100 km2 with 1,600 inhabitants) belongs to the complex of the Western Cyclades islands in Greece and is located in the Aegean Sea, 104 km from Athens. The island has a rich history in the adoption of sustainable energy applications, starting from the installation of the first wind farm in Europe [5 ? 20-kW wind turbines (WTs)] by the Public Power Corporation (PPC) in 1982, followed in 1983 by the first hybrid station comprising a 100-kW photovoltaic (PV) system coupled with a 400-kWh battery storage, also by PPC. In 1989, the WTs were replaced by 5 ? 33 kW (Figure 1), and in 1992, the PV inverters were upgraded.
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