Abstract
Shortly after the development of the antiglobulin test for the detection of red cell antibodies, the first example of a Kidd antibody was reported by Allen et al. (1951). They described a patient, Mrs. Kidd, who produced an antibody that caused hemolytic disease in her newborn son. After determining that the new antigen was independent of the other then-known blood groups, it was given the name Jk a. Soon afterwards, the allele was found by Plaut et al. (1953) and designated Jk b . Pinkerton et al.(1959) found the first example of the null phenotype, i.e., Jk(a—b—), in a woman who had produced an antibody that appeared to be anti-Jka plus anti-Jkb. Since the specificities were inseparable, the antibody was renamed anti-Jk3 which recognizes an antigen found whenever Jka or Jkb is present. To date, no low-frequency antigens have been associated with the Kidd blood group. Thus, the International Society of Blood Transfusion has designated Kidd as the ninth blood group system (009000) comprised of the three antigens Jka (009001), Jkb (009002), and Jkab (009003).
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