Abstract
The Jewish Gymnastics in the Czech Lands until 1918 In the second half of the 19th century there was a significant change in the club's life and physical activities in the Habsburger Monarchy. The German gymnastics system (Turnbewegung) was the strongest one with regions, subregions and clubs in every smaller city. But towards the end of the 19th century the uprising of anti-Semitic attitude Jews started to flee or they were made to leave this organization. They built their own organization with similar ideology and structure. Nevertheless, its influence and importance was rather marginal. Although we could find areas where Jewish gymnastics had its steady position within the community. The Czech lands belonged among the leading territories within the Jewish Gymnastics Organization (Jüdische Turnbewegung).
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