The iteration formula of (n, 2, d) full-correlated multi-component Bell function and its applications

Abstract

No matter for a scientific or technological reason, constructing Bell inequalities for multi-partite and high-dimensional systems is a significant task. The Mermin-Ardehali-Belinskiĭ-Klyshko (MABK) inequality is expressed in the form of iteration formula and correlation functions, and is the generalization of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality to multi-partite cases. In the sense of detecting the nonlocality of the noisy maximally entangled states with the most white noises for the corresponding quantum system, the Collins-Gisin-Linden-Massar-Popescu (CGLMP) inequality, expressed in the joint probabilities form, is the high-dimensional analogue of the Clauser-Horne (CH) inequalities on joint probabilities. In the sense of detecting the nonlocality of the noisy Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ) states with the most white noises for the n-qudit system, it is a challenging task to construct the multi-partite analogue of the CGLMP inequality with iteration formula and correlation functions. In this paper, we generalize the multi-component correlation functions [Phys. Rev. A 71, 032 107 (2005)] for bipartite d-dimensional systems to n-partite d-dimensional ones, introduce the general full-correlated multi-component Bell function In,d , and construct the corresponding Bell inequality. By this way, we can reproduce both the CGLMP inequality and the Bell inequality in [Phys. Rev. A 71, 032 107 (2005)] for the case n = 2, and the MABK inequality for the case d = 2. Inspired by the iteration formula form of the MABK inequality, we prove that for prime d the general Bell function In,d can be reformulated by iterating two Bell functions In−1,d . As applications, for prime d, confined to the unbiased symmetric (d × 2)-port beam splitters and the noisy n-qudit GHZ states, we recover the most robust Bell inequalities for small n and d, such as for the (3, 2, 3), (4, 2, 3), (5, 2, 3), and (3, 2, 5) Bell scenarios, with the iteration formula and the most robust Bell inequalities for the (2, 2, d) scenario. This implies that the iteration formula is an efficient way of constructing the multi-partite analogues of the CGLMP inequality with correlation functions. In addition, we also give some new Bell inequalities with the same robustness but inequivalent to the known ones.