The introduction and yield capacity of garden endive in the Right-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

The article is devoted to topical issues of improvement of technology of growing of garden endive in the Right-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Aim. The research was intended to study the timing of sowing of Caesar variety garden endive and to determine its impact on the production of standard root crops and yield capacity in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. The terms of garden endive sowing was studied, in particular, the most attention had been paid to the phenological and biometric indices of plant growth and development, using the common methods of study. Many of the sources in the process of generalizing information were analyzed. Results. New approaches had been found and the effectiveness of innovative technology elements in garden endive growing, adhering to the optimum sowing time and digging of root crops had been generalized. This is very relevant for the spread, establishment of adaptability of culture and improvement of technology of garden endive growing in Ukraine. It is proved that the optimum sowing time for garden endive is the beginning of the second decade of May, and the harvesting period - the third decade of September and the first of October. Conclusions . The best terms of sowing and harvesting of root crops for their further cultivation have been stated and determined. High yields were obtained by sowing in the first decade of May and digging up in the third decade of September and the first decade of October, whose yield was 21,2–21,3 t/ha (profitability level 60,3–50,5%), which is in 3,4–4,1 t/ha higher than in the control, including standard root crops by 3,2–3,3 t/ha more than during the first decade of September.