Abstract
This article briefly reviews the history of researching the introduction and breeding of cranberry, blueberry and cowberry in the world. The results and prospects of research in these areas in the CSBS SB RAS and the CEFES ARRISMF are presented. The article shows the effectiveness of selecting from natural populations promising material for introduction and breeding, and also the usage of intraspecific and interspecific hybridization for Vaccinioidaea breeding. As a result of longterm studies, the collections of Vaccinioidae were made in Russia. In CSBG SB RAS it totals 7 species, 1 subspecies, 54 varieties, 8 hybrids, 101 forms, including 64 selections and world’s first 8 varieties of Vaccinium uliginosum. In CE FES ARRISMF it totals 7 species, 1 subspecies, 82 varieties, 40 hybrids, 58 forms including 40 selections and the first Russian 7 varieties of Oxycoccus palustris and 3 varieties of Vaccinium vitis-idaea.
Highlights
The following Vaccinioideae Arn. are introduced into industrial culture: Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Aiton) Pers., Oxycoccus palustris Pers., Vaccinium corymbosum L., or highbush blueberry and its interspecific hybrids, Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton, or lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium virgatum Aiton, or rabbiteye blueberry, artificial interspecies hybrids V. corymbosum × V. angustifolium, or half-high blueberry and Vaccinium vitis-idaea L., or cowberry
In Russia Oxycoccus macrocarpus was first introduced in Saint Petersburg Botanical Garden at the end of XIX century [5]
Russia’s only large industrial plantation where Oxycoccus macrocarpus occupies about 140 hectares is located in Kostroma Oblast
Summary
The following Vaccinioideae Arn. are introduced into industrial culture: Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Aiton) Pers., Oxycoccus palustris Pers. (mostly the hexaploid race, 2n=72), Vaccinium corymbosum L., or highbush blueberry and its interspecific hybrids, Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton, or lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium virgatum Aiton, or rabbiteye blueberry, artificial interspecies hybrids V. corymbosum × V. angustifolium, or half-high blueberry and Vaccinium vitis-idaea L., or cowberry. During the 200-year period of Oxycoccus macrocarpus cultivation based on selection in nature and cross-variety hybridization, over 100 varieties were developed in USA. In Russia, the intensive introduction research of Oxycoccus palustris was started in 1965 in the CSBG, in 1974 in the Institute of Biology of the Karelian Branch of the AS USSR, in 1976 in Kostroma FES.
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