The intersection of Maslow's theory and African public policy implementation: Insights and perspectives

Abstract

This study examines the application of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs to public policy formulation and implementation in African nations, with a focus on Rwanda, South Africa, and Kenya. It analyzes how these countries have aligned their policies with different levels of Maslow's hierarchy, from addressing basic physiological needs to fostering self-actualization and societal progress. The research explores Rwanda's comprehensive post-genocide policy framework, South Africa's efforts to address apartheid legacies, and Kenya's struggle to balance economic growth with basic needs fulfillment. Through these case studies, the study demonstrates the value of applying Maslow's theory to guide policymakers in prioritizing and addressing diverse societal needs while pursuing broader development goals. The analysis reveals both successes and persistent challenges in areas such as social cohesion, economic inequality, and rapid urbanization. The study concludes by offering recommendations for a more holistic, context-specific, and sustainable approach to need-based policy formulation in African countries, emphasizing the importance of inclusive governance, long-term vision, and regional cooperation.