The Interplay Between Salicylic and Jasmonic Acid During Phytopathogenesis

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There is no doubt that the salicylic acid (SA) plays an important role in plant defence against pathogens attacks. According to the established opinion, SA induces the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) that is effective defense against numerous biotrophic pathogens that colonize living plant tissue from where they consume nutrients, suppressing their immune response. SAR is largely due to programmed cell death and early oxidative burst in the host cells. In contrast, necrotrophic pathogens do not suffer from cell death and salicylic acid–dependent defenses. SA-induced cell death can promote development of pathogenic structures. Mechanisms of defence against necrotrophs are regulated by another set of defense responses activated by jasmonic acid (JA) and so-called induced systemic resistance (ISR). Literature data indicate that the signals inducing SAR or ISR are strictly individual: SA can antagonize JA signaling and vice versa. Probably, crosstalks between SA and JA help the plant to minimize fitness costs and create a flexible signaling network that allow the plant to regulate its defense responses against invaders. However, there are some data evidencing certain synergy or additive effect of SA on processes attributed to ISR. This article is focused on some aspects of interplay of SA with JA during the establishment of plant resistance to pathogens with different type of nutrition and participation of peroxidases in this process.