Abstract
Current demands on transport infrastructure are very often associated with the terms of “sustainability, availability and affordability”. The first term directly refers to the basic principles of sustainable construction in transport infrastructure, primarily motorway and railways, and how they are related to a very significant consumption of land, energy and natural aggregates. This paper is focused on the other two terms, availability and affordability. These principles are intended to guarantee proper functioning of communication even in nonstandard situations such as natural hazards, most typically floods. To avoid a total collapse of transport infrastructure, the term robustness is often applied, recognizing that this term is not a substitute for another outcome – namely a more expensive structure. The paper shows the possibilities for elimination of the negative impact of floods on transport infrastructure as they relate to different types of interaction and different types of floods.
Highlights
Flash floods, caused by extreme rainfall on a relatively small river basin
With respect to the relatively small area affected by flash floods, the interaction with transport infrastructure is focused on two basic examples:
Dam systems, which in the Czech Republic are more than a century old, are the main countermeasures against spring floods
Summary
In principle three types of floods are differentiated:. Flash floods, caused by extreme rainfall on a relatively small river basin. Flash floods, caused by extreme rainfall on a relatively small river basin. With respect to the relatively small area affected by flash floods, the interaction with transport infrastructure is focused on two basic examples:. The land was saturated and most precipitation was running directly to the water course In this case historical small dams on the small rivers and new large dams and the main water courses (as in the Vltava river cascade) acted as the main engineered structures in order to retain and flatten the flood wave. Overflowing with potential failure of dikes along a river is another important case of interaction, as it can cause flooding of a wider developed area containing transport infrastructure. Tion of these failures is consistent with the Eurocode 7 – EN 1997 Geotechnical design
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