The Interaction of Alkylglycosides with Other Surfactants

Abstract

The interaction of n-decyl-β-maltoside (C10M), n-decyl-β-glucoside (C10G), n-dodecyl-β-maltoside (C12M), 1:1 (molar) C10M/C10G mixtures, and 2:1 (molar) C12M/n-dodecyl-β-glucoside (C12G) mixtures with anionic, cationic, nonionic, and zwitterionic surfactants has been investigated. The non-glycosidic surfactants used were the the anionic surfactant sodium dodecylethoxy sulfate (C12ESNa), the cationic surfactants decyl trimethylammonium bromide (C10TMAB), dodecyl trimethylammonium chloride (C12TMAC), and tetradecylammonium bromide (C14TMAB), the nonionic surfactant dodecyl hexaethoxyethanol (C12EO7), and the zwitterionic surfactant dodecyl-N-benzyl-N-methylglycine (C12BMG). The surface properties of the surfactants, critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (γCMC), efficiency of surface tension reduction (pC20), maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax), minimum area per molecule at the air/solution interface (Amin), and the CMC/C20 ratio, were determined for both the individual surfactants and their mixtures. The glucosides and maltosides show no significant interaction with each other or with the nonionic surfactant C12EO7. The maltosides interact weakly with the cationic, anionic, and zwitterionic surfactants. The glucosides interact somewhat more strongly with the same surfactants. Interaction is even stronger when glucoside/maltoside mixtures are interacted with the non-glycosidic surfactant. As a result, synergism is most prone to be found in systems containing the non-glycosidic surfactant and glucoside/maltoside mixture.