THE INNOVATIONS IN THE MEXICAN EDUCATION IN XXI CENTURY: REFORMS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL POLICY

Abstract

Introduction: The task of national government agencies which run education, NGOs and private institutions, is the development of the principles of education to function efficiently in the new socio-economic and political conditions and supply all sectors of the economy with high-level competitive professionals. These goals also pursue the Mexican educational system, which underwent significant changes and implemented several innovations from the beginning of the twenty-first century with the reforms coming from recommendations of international bodies governing education. Objectives: To identify the main innovations of the Mexican education in XXI century analyzing reforms caused by the international educational policy. Methods and Materials: This work was carried out under the critical-dialectical approach, using the methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization that were needed for the study of the original texts, official and normative documents; organization of the studied material and its exposure. Results: It was established, that the following innovative features are characteristic for the Mexican education system: 1) Projection towards the development of a humanistic education, centered on learning, inclusive, with equity, horizontal, flexible, with autonomy, highly qualified teaching staff and participation in its management of all educational actors; 2) Creation of conditions for bilingual education (both Spanish-English, as well as Indigenous languages-Spanish), training of digital and entrepreneurial skills in the students; 3) Special attention to the education of the marginalized population; 4) Equipment of all educational institutions with ICTs and networks that guarantee their connectivity; 5) Creation of the Digital Information and Management System (SIGED) in order to facilitate the bureaucratic process in educational institutions; 6) Democratization of education direction through equilibration of centralization and decentralization processes and participation of different social sectors: not only governmental institutions and NGOs, but also private bodies, including foreigners; 7) Planning of the activities of periodic academic evaluation of the teaching staff and its constant updating; creation of the National Institute for the Evaluation of Education (INEE). Conclusion: Authors found that the main innovations of the Mexican education in XXI century are determined by the current international educational policy prioritizing reforming of national education system by transition from the teaching paradigm (transmission of knowledge) to the learning paradigm (transmission of skills) promoting competences-based learning, implementing the new approaches to teaching, learning and assessment, improving the quality of programs, creating a system of easily recognizable and comparable degrees.