Abstract
Biofilm acts as the mediator for infection nowadays. Approximately, more than 80% infection incidents are biofilm-formation related. Biofilm as bacteria's defense system is more difficult to eradicate by antibiotic; therefore, pathogen bacteria on their biofilm forms can make serious problems for human health. The invention of a new candidate for polymicrobial biofilm can be an essential challenge to be studied, in order to prevent infections related to biofilm. Tannin is a polyphenol compound with anti-bacterial and anti-fungal potential. This study aims to acknowledge the effectiveness of tannin in inhibition and degradation of C. albicans, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, and polymicrobial biofilm. The assay for biofilm inhibition and degradation were determined with microtiter broth method. The effectivity of tannin antibiofilm against polymicrobial biofilm were analyzed by calculating minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC50) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC50) values. The mechanism of action of tannin against polymicrobial biofilm was tested using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) with a 95% confidence level. Tannin 1% gave inhibition activity of mono-species biofilm formation S. aureus in the middle phase and maturation of 79.04±0.01, 61.48±0.03, E. coli 74.56±0.01, 67.91±0.02, P. aeruginosa 67.32±0.05, 35.13± 0.01, C. albicans 60.62±0.01, 47.16±0.01. The results also provide evidence that tannin activity can degrade and damage the matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) polymicrobial biofilms. Hence, tannins can be a potential candidate for new antibiofilm for polymicrobial biofilm.
Highlights
There is an urgency on anti-biofilm agent development, for traditionally speaking, natural products have provided some antimicrobial compounds in general and medication for infection in particular, Biofilm is one heterogenous community from a microorganism that attaches on the abiotic or biotic surface, and it is covered in the extracellular matrix, forming a complex 3D structures (Andersson et al, 2009).Further problems related to microbialinside-biofilm management is the diversity of the microbes forming the biofilm polymicrobial (Donlan, 2002)
Despite of being potential as antibiofilm against single species microbes, there is no reports on their effects tannin against polymicrobial biofilms consisted of P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans
The testing for polymicrobial biofilm C. albicans, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus was performed under the same methods with the monospecies C. albicans
Summary
There is an urgency on anti-biofilm agent development, for traditionally speaking, natural products have provided some antimicrobial compounds in general and medication for infection in particular, Biofilm is one heterogenous community from a microorganism that attaches on the abiotic or biotic surface, and it is covered in the extracellular matrix, forming a complex 3D structures (Andersson et al, 2009). Disinfectant can effectively kill planktonic cells, with all disinfectant can reduce >99,999% inside the amount of the cells, yet only little disinfectant could maintain this high effectiveness if applied on mono-species or multi-species biofilm Another data showed that multi-species biofilm is usually less resistant against anti-microbial substance compared to monospecies biofilm (Harriott and Noverr, 2010). Despite of being potential as antibiofilm against single species microbes, there is no reports on their effects tannin against polymicrobial biofilms consisted of P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans. Research on such a topic is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of tannin, as antibiofilm in polymicrobial cultures
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