The influence of weather conditions during an autumn period on the development of basic wreckers and diseases of agrocenosis of winter wheat in Forest-Steppe zone

Abstract

Goal. To investigate the influence of weather conditions, to specify the terms of sowing in an autumn period and their influence on the phytosanitary condition of winter wheat’s agrocenosis in the Forest-steppe zone. In conditions of climate change, specify the quantitative composition of the entomological and on phytopathogenic complexes in winter wheat chrops and the peculiarities of their manifestation.
 Methods. Field research, laboratory research, and analytical research. The field researches have been conducted in the conditions of monitoring inspections. The results of the experimental data are counted and collected using modern standard computer programs (Word, Excel).
 Results. Influence of weather conditions was investigated in the autumn period (air temperature, amount of precipitation) for 2006—2016 and the long-term seasonal dynamics of the number of basic wreckers on winter wheat sowing and detected features during climate change. Many years of weather conditions during winter wheat sowing have been analyzed.
 Conclusions. Global warming and drought caused by it in the autumn period prolonged the term of the autumn vegetation of winter wheat. Through droughty conditions, or over wetting optimal terms of sowing were displaced for later. It was researched that optimal terms of winter wheat sowing are considered in the zone of the North Forest-steppe from 15—25 September, which is allowed until 30 September. The increase in air temperature and a sufficient amount of precipitation in the autumn period leads to dissemination of sowing the most widespread wreckers and affection of plants by diseases. With the approach of ETL, there may be a need for protective measures in the conditions of early sowing and prolonged warm autumn, especially after colony precursors. Autumn spraying crops with fungicidal agents prevents plant infections by pathogens in the early phases of plant development.