Abstract
In recent years, research of antitumor activity of natural compounds isolated from plant material has increased. Polyphenols have gained significant attention due to their proapoptotic abilities and their involvement in migration and inhibition of metastasis processes. The anticancer effects of polyphenolic extracts of Viburnum opulus fruit against human breast (MCF-7) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines have been confirmed in this study. It was demonstrated that the tested preparations (methanol – M and acetone – A from pomace, juice – J and juice after extraction to the solid phase SPE – PF) show cytotoxic activity and regulate the migration process of cancer cells. The degree of inhibition of cell migration was measured at two times - 24 h and 48 h after addition of the tested preparations. The highest toxicity towards both cell lines was demonstrated by the polyphenol fraction obtained after juice purification SPE (IC50 values at concentration of 63,541 and 19,380 μg/mL for HeLa and MCF cell lines, respectively). At the same time, the same preparation inhibited cell migration the most (nearly 70% compared to controls at both times at the concertation of 15 and 30 μg/mL). All preparations showed the antioxidant ability, but the Viburnum opulus juice (200 and 350 g/mL) and the preparation after its purification (15 and 30 μg/mL) have larger ability to inhibit the intracellular oxidative stress (30-40%) than preparation obtained from pomace (nearly by 20% at concentration of 20 and 50 μg/mL of M and A). Despite the antioxidative capacity of the preparations, they simultaneously decreased cellular mitochondrial potential. The results obtained indicate the high potential of components of Viburnum opulus polyphenolic compounds can be used in the production of innovative dietary supplements or pharmacological preparations for people with an increased risk or inclination towards developing breast or cervical cancer.
Highlights
Despite significant advances in medical technology cancer remains one of the most aggressive and debilitating diseases worldwide
It is known that guelder rose fruits contain large amounts of polyphenolic compounds corresponding to 65 mg of polyphenols per 1 g of fruit [6, 7]
In this report we demonstrated that polyphenolic extracts of Viburnum opulus fruit exhibit anticancer activity with simultaneous decrease of cell metabolic activity and antioxidant properties
Summary
Despite significant advances in medical technology cancer remains one of the most aggressive and debilitating diseases worldwide. Much attention has been paid to the identification of natural chemopreventive substances capable of inhibiting, delaying or reversing the process of multistage carcinogenesis. Most of these naturally occurring phytocompounds retain antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that seem to contribute to their chemoprevention. Antioxidants, such as vitamins and polyphenols, include many compounds that can capture reactive oxygen species. It has been proposed that antioxidants have potential benefits for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with increased generation of reactive oxygen species and can be effective in reduction of carcinogenesis [2]
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