The influence of traditional and alternative fertilization systems on the productivity of sugar beet

Abstract

Purpose. To investigate the influence of mineral, traditional and alternative organic-mineral fertilization systems on productivity and technological quality of sugar beet roots. Меthods. Long-term field and analytical. Results. Research data on the effectiveness of traditional and alternative fertilization systems in increasing the productivity and technological quality of sugar beet roots are given. The perspective of using straw, green mass of white mustard and mineral fertilizers to obtain high yield and technological quality of sugar beet roots under conditions of sufficient moisture on leached chernozem has been established. Conclusions. The mineral fertilizer system was inferior to the organic-mineral fertilization in terms of efficiency. The maximum dose of mineral fertilizers N120P80K120 ensured roots yield – 67.5 t/ha, sugar content – 17.9 %, sugar yield – 12.1 t/ha. The highest productivity of sugar beet was achieved with the application of 40 t/ha of manure + N90P60K90: yield of roots – 79.6 t/ha, sugar content – 18.2 %, sugar yield – 14.5 t/ha with an increase in yield compared to the control without fertilizers – by 37.0 t/ha, sugar yield – by 6.7 t/ha. The application of straw + green manure + N90P60K90 was determined to be promising under sugar beet: roots yield – 70.3 t/ha, sugar content – 18.2 %, sugar yield – 12.8 t/ha. The specified fertilization system was inferior to the application of 40 t/ha of manure + N90P60K90 in yield by 9.3 t/ha, sugar collection – by 1.7 t/ha. The use of fertilizers insignificantly increased the loss of sugar in molasses compared to the control without fertilizers: with the application of mineral fertilizers - by 0.01–0.05 %, 40 t/ha of manure + N90P60K90 – by 0.07 %, straw + green manure + N90P60K90 – by 0.04 %.