Growth regulators to increase sugar beet productivity

Abstract

Purpose. To study the influence of the growth regulator NanoMineralis on the dynamics of growth, yield and technological quality of sugar beet roots, depending on the methods of its application.Methods. Field, analytical, statistical.Results. The research results on influence of the ways of growth regulator NanoMineralis application on dynamics of plants growth, synthesis of chlorophyll in leaf plates, yield and technological quality of sugar beet roots are presented. It was found that the growth regulator promoted the synthesis of chlorophyll, increased the dynamics of plants growth and development, and increased the productivity of sugar beets, which was accompanied by a decrease in the sugar content of the roots and the stability of their technological quality.Conclusions. The use of the NanoMineralis growth regulator increased the content of chlorophyll in sugar beet leaves compared to the control without the growth regulator in July by 0.12–0.19%, in August by 0.08–0.20%, in September by 0.03–0.09%. In the ‘Romul’ hybrid, the content of chlorophyll compared to the ‘Zluka’ hybrid was determined to be on 0.17–0.29% higher for seed treatment and on 0.15–0.28% higher for foliar application. The best dynamics of root mass growth was observed for the cultivation of the ‘Romul’ hybrid under double application of NanoMineralis. Root weight in July was 302 g, in August 553 g, in September 631g with the excess to Zluka hybrid by 48, 75 and 65 g, respectively, to control without growth regulator by 56, 77 and 79 g/plant. Seed treatment combined with foliar application of NanoMineralis in the phase of closing the leaves in row provided the highest productivity in ‘Romul’. Root yield was 62.7 t/ha, sugar content 15.9%, sugar yield 9.93 t/ha with the excess to ‘Zluka’ yield by 6.5 t/ha, sugar yield by 1.32 t/ha, compared to control without growth regulator by 8.2 and 0.98 t/ha, respectively. The technological quality of the roots was slightly affected by the use of the growth regulator and was determined mainly by the choice of the hybrid. When growing ‘Romul’, the potassium content in the roots was higher by 0.34–0.38 mg-eq./100 g, alpha-amine nitrogen by 0.16–0.17 mg-eg./100 g of crude weight, which increased the loss of sugar in molasses by 0.03–0.04% compared to ‘Zluka’.