THE INFLUENCE OF THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE TERRITORY ON THE FLOODING OF BUILDING BASEMENTS

Abstract

The article deals with the construction of buildings in relatively shallow pits (up to 5 m), passed in the connected soils of water - glacial deposits with layers of sand and gravel material. It is noted that the features of these soils include the possibility of forming a sporadically developed aquifer in them with a very low filtration coefficient (less than 0.01 m/day). Due to this circumstance, this horizon is not always fixed in engineering and geological surveys and, as a result, is not always taken into account in the design. Therefore, in order to save money during construction, they are usually limited to the device of waterproofing the walls of the basement, and bulk material is used as soils for backfilling the sinuses of the pit. Thus, in the buried sinuses of the pit, an environment capable of accumulating water is formed. With the gradual filling of this tank, in conditions of impossibility of diverting water into the soil mass of the base, due to the low filtration coefficient and when creating appropriate pressure gradients, as well as in the presence of possible defects in waterproofing, there are stable leaks in the basements of buildings already ready for use. The article deals with the occurrence of such situations on a number of examples of erected buildings. The main sources of water supply to the buried sinuses of the pit are indicated and a number of practical measures are given to avoid such situations in the future.