Abstract
According to modern classification of trace elements, which is based on their biological significance for living organisms, selenium is classified as a group of vital or biogenic elements. As a biotic element, it has unique physico-chemical and biochemical properties and, with adequate intake into the body of farm animals and poultry has a positive effect on a number of physiological processes. The discovery of biological properties of selenium became the basis for its use first in the prevention and treatment of many diseases associated with a deficiency of this trace element, and later – as a stimulator of growth and development of young animals, as well as in order to increase egg production, poultry safety, improve the incubation characteristics of eggs and several other productive qualities. Scientists who have studied the effects of selenium on poultry have paid relatively little attention to meat quality. The effect of additives of different selenium doses in compound feed on the chemical composition, energy and biological value of Ukrainian white breed ducklings’ meat was studied in the scientific and economic experiment. Four groups of ducklings with 100 heads in each groups were formed to conduct the scientific and economic experiment. The duration of the experiment was 56 days and corresponded to the period of raising ducklings for meat. The ducklings of the first control group did not receive selenium supplementation. Selenium was additionally introduced into compound feed for poultry of the experimental groups in the following amount, mg/kg: the second group – 0.2; the third – 0.4 and the fourth – 0.6. It was established that the introduction of selenium into compound feed in the studied dose did not significantly affect to the quality of ducklings’ meat, although it had a positive effect on some indicators that characterize its chemical composition, nutritional and biological value. Among the experimental groups, ducklings of the third and fourth groups, which were injected with selenium into compound feed at the rate of 0.4 and 0.6 mg/kg, stood out in terms of meat quality.
Highlights
The poultry meat production is the most dynamic branch of agro-industrial complex, capable in the coming years to radically improve the provision of high-quality dietary food products to the population of Ukraine and strengthen the food security of the state.The results of numerous research and world experience in this industry show that the key to maximum realization of genetic potential, high productivity and preservation of livestock, as well as rational use of feed resources are full-fledged feeding of poultry
In spite of the fact that there is a significant number of scientific works on the problem of mineral nutrition of poultry, the list of trace elements used in its diet is clearly insufficient
Selenium is one of the trace elements that must be included in poultry feed
Summary
The poultry meat production is the most dynamic branch of agro-industrial complex, capable in the coming years to radically improve the provision of high-quality dietary food products to the population of Ukraine and strengthen the food security of the state. According to the results of numerous scientific studies, selenium is a trace element with a wide spectrum of biological action (Sobolev et al, 2018). Domestic scientists recommend introducing selenium at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg in compound feed for ducklings (Bratishko et al, 2013) This dose corresponds only to the minimum physiological poultry need in this trace element. Further studies conducted by Ukrainian scientists have shown that ducklings have the best productive qualities at the rate of selenium introduction into compound feed of 0.4 mg/kg (Sobolev, 2012). In developing and scientifically justifying the optimal rate of selenium introduction into compound feed for ducklings, the assessment system should include a set of indicators that characterize the productivity of young animals, and the quality of their meat. Due to the lack of scientific work on the effect of selenium on the chemical composition, energy and biological value of duckling meat, when feeding it as part of mixed feeds, there was a need for additional research
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