Abstract
A method for the determination of irgarol and diuron using C18 solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography with electrospray interface tandem mass spectrometry was optimized, validated and applied in estuarine and coastal waters under the influence of Rio Grande harbors (Patos Lagoon). The impact of pre-filtration and salinity in the extraction processes by SPE using C18 and polymeric adsorbents were evaluated and no effect was detected. Recoveries between 95 and 118% (relative standard deviation lower than 20%) and limit of detection and quantification for the method of 1.3 and 4 ng L-1, respectively, were reached for both compounds. The analytical curves presented correlation coefficients higher than 0.99. The matrix effect was lower than 20% for irgarol and between 45.7 and 65.3% for diuron. Diuron and irgarol were detected in 8 and 9 out of 21 sampled sites, respectively, with concentrations ranging from < 1.3 to 20.9 ng L-1. The low concentrations found, together with international restrictions of use and their absence in the four main antifouling paints used in the region, indicate that levels of diuron and irgarol are probably not relevant in this region. In addition, these levels were below of those capable of causing effects on tested species.
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