THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS ON THE FORMATION OF UKRAINIAN NATIONAL IDENTITY AT THE END OF THE 19TH – FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY

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The article is devoted to highlighting the role of physical culture and sports at the end of the 19th – the first half of the 20th centuries in the formation of Ukrainian national identity. The main attention is paid to the study of historical conditions that determined the development of physical culture and sports under the influence of colonial policies and integration processes. The study examines how Ukrainian cultural traditions are reflected in sports practices.The role of education in popularizing physical culture is revealed. The formation of sports associations and the popularization of physical activity among the population are analyzed. Special emphasis is placed on traditional Ukrainian martial arts, peculiarities of Ukrainian sports competitions and holidays, which contributed to the support of traditional values and patriotism. The complexity of the development of Ukrainian sports in the conditions of dependence and the struggle for national self-determination can be traced in the interaction with the power structures. It is studied how the Soviet state tried to standardize sports and physical culture within the limits of ideological attitudes, while using them as a tool of ideological influence.The research is based on the works of leading scientists, the analysis of normative documents using a historical-chronological approach to systematize the adopted state decisions in the field of physical culture and sports, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis that make it possible to trace the directions of the physical culture movement and to conclude that physical culture in Ukraine contributed to the formation of Ukrainian national identity.