Abstract
The research was conducted in 2017-2018 in the Nizhny Novgorod region on light-gray forest soil in the link of “spring wheat-pea” crop rotation. The article presents the results of study of the influence of soil tillage systems (traditional moldboard tillage with moldboard plow; non-moldboard “deep” tillage with boardless plow; non-moldboard “shallow” tillage with chisel cultivator Pottinger Synkro 5030 K; minimum tillage with disc harrow XM 44660 NOTHAD; zero tillage (No-till) with grain drill Sunflower 9421-20, mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60 kg of active ingredient) and straw destructors (ammonium nitrate in the dose of N10 kg of active ingredient per 1 t of straw and biological preparation Stimix®Niva 2 ltr/ha) on the change in the indicator of biological activity of the soil and the yield of pea variety Krasivy. In the conditions of insufficient precipitation of the growing season of 2018, No-till technology resulted in a decrease in the average biological activity of the soil by the tillage systems under study in pea plantings of Krasivy variety: by 6.3 % (from 18.6 to 12.3 %) compared to the traditional moldboard tillage system with moldboard plow; by 4.7 % (from 17.0 to 12.3 %) compared to the non-moldboard “deep” tillage with boardless plow; by 3.5 % (from 15.8 to 12.3 %) compared to the non-moldboard "shallow" tillage with a chisel cultivator; by 4.9 % (from 17.2 to 12.3 %) compared to the minimum processing with disk harrow. The use of the biological preparation Stimix®Niva as a straw destructor in arid conditions of 2018 was more effective than the use of ammonium nitrate in field test variants without application of mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60). The biological activity of the soil increased on fall plowing with moldboard plow by 3.8 % (20.8 and 17.0% respectively); on fall plowing with boardless plow by 5.3 % (18. 8 and 13.5 %); on minimum tillage with a disc harrow by 4.8 % (18.9 and 14.1 %). Under the weather conditions of 2018, the highest yield of Krasivy pea variety was obtained in the variant of field experiment where fall plowing with soil overturning to the depth of 20-22 cm with the use of ammonium nitrate as a straw destructor in a dose of 10 kg of active ingredient per 1 ton of straw was used as basic cultivation. The use of mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60) by this system of soil tillage in dry conditions did not affect the yield of Krasivy pea variety (2.70-of 2.76 t/ha). When using the No-till technology of pea production, the obtained yield in the conditions of the Nizhny Novgorod region in 2018 ranged from 0.74 to 2.24 t/ha.
Highlights
Ключевые слова: отвальная обработка почвы, безотвальная обработка почвы, нулевая обработка почвы (No-till), биопрепарат, солома, минеральные удобрения, деструктор соломы
Изучали влияние систем обработки почвы (традиционная отвальная обработка плугом с отвалами; безотвальная «глубокая» обработка плугом без отвалов; безотвальная «мелкая» обработка чизельным культиватором Pottinger Synkro 5030 K; минимальная обработка дисковой бороной Discover ХМ 44660 nothad; нулевая обработка (No-till) сеялкой Sunflower 9421-20), минеральных удобрений (N60P60K60 кг д.в.) и деструкторов соломы на изменение показателя биологической активности почвы и урожайность гороха сорта Красивый
In the conditions of insufficient precipitation of the growing season of 2018, NOTHAD; zero tillage (No-till) technology resulted in a decrease in the average biological activity of the soil by the tillage systems under study in pea plantings of Krasivy variety: by 6.3 % compared to the traditional moldboard tillage system with moldboard plow; by 4.7 % compared to the non-moldboard “deep” tillage with boardless plow; by 3.5 % compared to the non-moldboard "shallow" tillage with a chisel cultivator; by 4.9 % compared to the minimum processing with disk harrow
Summary
Ключевые слова: отвальная обработка почвы, безотвальная обработка почвы, нулевая обработка почвы (No-till), биопрепарат, солома, минеральные удобрения, деструктор соломы. Применение биопрепарата Стимикс®Нива в качестве деструктора соломы в засушливых условиях 2018 года было эффективней применения аммиачной селитры в вариантах полевого опыта без внесения минеральных удобрений (N60P60K60): биологическая активность почвы увеличилась по зяблевой вспашке плугом с отвалами на 3,8% (20,8 и 17,0% соответственно); по зяблевой вспашке плугом без отвалов на 5,3% (18, 8 и 13,5%); по минимальной обработке дисковой бороной на 4,8 % (18,9 и 14,1%).
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
