THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY FACTORS ON THE PROPENSITY TO ENGAGE IN BULLYING BEHAVIOUR AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

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In recent years, the issue of bullying among minors has emerged as a significant concern, given its association with a range of adverse outcomes. These include poor academic performance, emotional and neurotic problems, and the escalation of aggression and suicidal attitudes among children. Consequently, there is a pressing need to address cases of cruelty among minors, a responsibility that falls upon teaching teams and educational psychologists in general educational institutions. To eradicate the adverse effects of aggressive behaviour among schoolchildren towards their peers, it is essential to examine the underlying causes of this phenomenon, which can be defined as the formation of a bullying position. The article is also relevant due to the impact of the full-scale war in Ukraine on the psychological and emotional state of adolescents, namely increased stress, anxiety and aggression. Furthermore, it is vital to identify strategies that can be employed to mitigate the likelihood of such occurrences. This article aims to explore the relationship between the characteristics of child-parent relationships within families of adolescents and the types of bullying these adolescents may engage in towards their peers. The research methodology encompasses a comparative, systemic and functional analysis of philosophical, psychological and pedagogical literature. The study has found that adolescents who experience severe and strict educational influences, along with parents who maintain high expectations that they do not fulfil, are less likely to communicate their struggles to their parents, engage in constructive discussions, or seek help and support in problem-solving. Consequently, this dynamic increases the likelihood of verbal victimisation occurring and escalating among adolescents in their interactions with peers. The style of family upbringing and the parent-child relationship play a significant role in this problem and, if properly constructed, contribute to the healthy development of the adolescent and ensure his or her safety in the school community and society.