THE INFLUENCE OF CULTIVATION CONDITIONS OF ALOE ARBORESCENS ON QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITIONS BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS

Abstract

Annotation: There are a number of medicinal plants on the Russian pharmaceutical market, which, despite their widespread use as official pharmacopoeial raw materials, do not have objective standardization methods. The composition of biologically active compounds (BAC) in these objects has not been fully studied, there is no information on the effect of cultivation conditions on the yield of various compounds. Aloe arborescens belongs to this raw material. Anthroquinone derivatives, polysaccharides, flavonoids were found in the leaves and lateral shoots of aloe. The presence of a predominant number of groups of malic and oxalic acids is also known. The actual problem is to evaluate the influence of cultivation conditions on the qualitative composition and quantitative content of organic acids in the raw material of Aloe arborescens. The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of cultivation conditions on the qualitative composition of organic acids and the quantitative yield of the sum of organic acids and polyphenolic compounds in Aloe arborescens leaves. Materials and methods: Objects: samples of raw materials made from the leaves of three plants of Aloe arborescens, distributed according to the method of care and the introduction of fertilizers; plant cultivation time was 4 weeks. To study the qualitative composition of the studied raw materials, the thin layer chromatography (TLC) method was used; samples of malic, citric and oxalic acids were used in the control. The study of the quantitative composition of organic acids and polyphenolic compounds in the studied samples was carried out using the methods of alkalimetric titration and UV spectrophotometry. Results: The investigation of the chemical composition of the aboveground organs of Aloe arborescens revealed the predominance of organic acids in the leaves, which leads to their active use in medicine. When studying the results of TLC, the largest amount of organic acids was found in the leaves of a plant grown under conditions of a reduced amount of watering, and the presence of malic, oxalic and citric acids in each of the samples of raw materials. The obtained results in quantitative analysis indicate the predominance of organic acids (1.24%) and polyphenolic compounds (5.37%) in the leaves of the plant cultivated by the soil drought method. Conclusion: it is advisable to use aloe leaves grown under soil drought conditions to obtain the maximum amount of biologically active compounds.