The incidence rate of congenital malformations in Xintai City from 2010 to 2013 and their risk factors

Abstract

Objective To analyze the incidence rate of congenital malformations in Xintai City from January 2010 to December 2013, and to investigate the risk factors for neonatal malformations. Methods A total of 21 463 cases of perinatal infants pregnant for 28 weeks later to postpartum 7 d in Xintai city from January 2010 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.The congenital malformations detection data were analyzed.The risk factors were analyzed by univariate and Logistic analysis methods. Results There were 281 cases with congenital malformations were identified out, and the congenital malformation rate was 1.31% (281/21 463 cases). The incidence rates of multi-finger (toe) [0.24%(52/21 463 cases)], cleft lip[0.23%(49/21 463 cases)], and congenital heart disease[0.22%(47/21 463 cases)]were the main congenital malformations.Total malformation rates in the year of 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 were similar (1.26%, 1.25%, 1.33%, 1.26%, Z=-1.826, P=0.068). Univariate and Logistic regression analysis results showed that birth weight, parity, births number, gestational age, educational level, residence, income, illness history, exposure to pesticides, hepatitis, influenza, severe vomiting of pregnancy, threatened abortion, threatened premature, contraceptives, smoking history, drinking history, and father's chronic disease were the risk factors for neonatal congenital malformations(χ2=10.212, 4.299, 5.860, 5.278, 10.422, 9.327, 15.680, 127.395, 245.735, 74.141, 718.876, 96.414, 77.770, 11.300, 9.126, 74.927, 68.283, 5.450, P=0.001, 0.038, 0.015, 0.022, 0.001, 0.002, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.001, 0.003, 0.000, 0.000, 0.020). Conclusions Neonatal congenital malformation is mainly determined by genetic and environmental factors.For childbearing age and pregnant women, targeted health education should be strengthened to reduce the incidence rate of congenital malformations. Key words: Infant, newborn; Congenital malformation; Risk factor; Logistic analysis