Analysis of detection rate and risk factors for congenital malformation among neonates

Abstract

Objective To analyze the detection rate of neonatal congenital malformation, and to explore the risk factors for neonatal malformation. Methods A total of 29 831 infants born in Shenzhen People′s Hospital from January 2011 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively, the detection rate of congenital malformations was calculated, 381 infants with congenital malformation were selected as malformation group, and 381 healthy infants were selected as healthy control group, and the risk factors of congenital malformation were analyzed. Results A total of 381 infants with congenital malformation were screened out, the incidence rate of congenital malformation being was 12.77‰(381/29 831 cases). The incidence rates of multi-finger or multi-toe, cleft lip, congenital heart disease were the high, which were 18.64%(71/381 cases), 17.32%(66/381 cases) and 16.80%(64/381 cases), respectively.The multiple Logistic analysis showed that birth children with low weight newborns( 1, low literacy levels of mothers, living in towns, late childbirth(≥35 years of age), pregnancy syndrome, viral infection during early pregnancy, medication history during pregnancy, rubella unvaccinated, exposure to harmful substance, smoking and alcohol during pregnancy and paternal smoking, chronic diseases, total 16 items were related risk factors for neonatal congenital malformations(all P<0.05). Among them, the impact of viral infection during early pregnancy, alcohol, smoking, pregnancy syndrome, exposure to harmful substance, medication history during pregnancy on the incidence of malformations in neonates was relatively serious. Conclusions The incidence rate of congenital malformations among neonates conforms to the present situations in China, which was closely correlated with genetic and environmental factors.Health education targeting pregnant women and the women of childbearing age should be carried cut to reduce the birth of neonatal congenital malformations. Key words: Infant, newborn; Congenital malformation; Risk factor; Logistic regression analysis