THE INCIDENCE OF OVARIAN ADHESIONS IN COWS ON DAIRY FARMS IN THE FAR EAST

Abstract

In this article the results of many years researches of 236900 dry cows in dairy farms of the South of the Far East are presented. From 1965 to 2018 were studied Simmental, Holstein-Friesian, Red Holstein cow breeds of different ages with productivity from 1,500 to 10,000 kg of milk per lactation at dairy farms in the Primorsky, Khabarovsk Territories, the Jewish Autonomous and Amur Regions. A rectal examination was carried out on a monthly basis for 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 23, 39 years at the Sadovoye farm of the All-Russian Research Institute of Soybean, the Chernorechensky state farm, the Garovsky farm, the Primorsky instructional farm of agricultural artel, the Central experimental production farm of the Primorskiy research institute, and the Daurskoe experimental production farm of Jewish Autonomous Province and "Vostochnoe" experimental production farm, respectively. In 17 households it was once every three to four months, and in 38 households – from one to 13 times for all observation years. A total of 236 900 dry cows were examined. Once a month on dairy farms of the Khabarovsk Territory milk was examined for latent mastitis on cows by the electrophoresis using established method. The sodium selenite injections to down- calver cows and heifers were performed 20 days before the expected calving. 96808 cows from this quantity turned out to be pregnant, 75724 were with pathology of reproductive organs. Clinically marked ovarian adhesions were detected in 1098 individuals (1.45 % of all cows in this group), or 0.46 % of all researched cows. The occurrence of mastitis (36000 cows were counted) and pathologies of reproductive organs were researched in dairy farms of Khabarovsk region. Clinic forms of mastitis were detected in 8.6 %, subclinic - in 24.5 % of individuals. The presence of pathologies of reproductive organs was detected in 12629 individuals (35.1 %), including in 74.8 % - with subclinic mastitis and 42.0 % - in cows with healthy udder. According to many times over- walking cows ovarian adhesions with adjoining tissues were detected accordingly in 1.95 %, 1.03 % and 0.87 %of individuals of all quantity of animals with udder diseases.