Abstract
There are various potential natural anti-diabetic drugs; one of them is lime peel or Citrus amblycarpa. This study was aimed to explore the anti-diabetic activity and phytochemical content of lime peels. This study was an experimental study that used the post-test only control group design. The lime peels that were collected from the Berastagi fruit market in Medan, North Sumatera were extracted using 70% ethanol by maceration methods. The phytochemical screening identified the presence of phenolic, steroid/triterpenoid, terpenoid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin, and alkaloid. Meanwhile, the anti-diabetic activity of lime peels was evaluate using the α-glucosidase enzyme that was gotten from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition methods. Percent of inhibition was express as Mean ± SD and analyzed by One Way ANOVA, Tukey HSD Post Hoc Test, and followed by linear regression. The result of this study showed that there is a significant difference in percentage inhibition α-glucosidase enzyme in each concentration, and it had an IC50 Value amount of 125.93 ± 9.14 µg/mL. The phytochemical content of the lime peels was flavonoid, phenol, steroid/triterpenoid, and alkaloid. Hence, the lime peel has anti-diabetic activity by inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme.
Highlights
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 or Insulin Independent Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that requires intense treatment and strategies to reduce risk factors and control blood glucose
The prevalence of diabetes in Indonesia was reported by an annual report
27 Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (Journal of Health Sciences), Vol 13, No 1, Februari 2020, Hal. 26-33 named Riskesdas in 2013 showed that the prevalence of diabetes was 1.5 percent in Indonesia that was diagnosed by the doctor, and the prevalence varied in several provinces in Indonesia
Summary
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 or Insulin Independent Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that requires intense treatment and strategies to reduce risk factors and control blood glucose. Based on the estimation of WHO (World Health Organization), around 171 million people over the world in 2000 suffered from diabetes and will increase and reach 366 million people in. Based on the estimation of ADA (American Diabetic Association), the cost of diabetic care in the United States spends a national funds amount of $US 132 billion in 2002 and will increase to $US 192 billion in 2020 (American Diabetes Association, 2015; World Health Organization, 2016). Acarbose is one of the oral antihyperglycemic drugs that inhibit the αglucosidase enzyme in the human body. This drug acts as a competitive inhibitor for α-glucosidase enzyme (Soegondo, 2017)
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