Abstract
Postbiotics are functional bioactive substances manufactured during fermentation in a food matrix, which can be used to improve human health, but their influence on the adhesion potential and physicochemical cell surface of probiotics is still unclear. We examined the postbiotic influence produced by Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 in functional labneh on cell surface properties (auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, and co-aggregation) and the adhesion capacities of three probiotic strains. The most commonly detected effects of probiotics, particularly Lsyn−7, were an increase in auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, co-aggregation, and adhesion ability of the tested strains. Lactobacillus rhamnosus with Lsyn−7 (59%) presented the highest hydrophobicity, whereas the least adhesion to xylene was detected in L. rhamnosus with LHM. Lactobacillus casei with Lsyn−7 showed the highest auto-aggregation after 24 h (60.55%). Moreover, it also has a strong adhesion to Caco-2 cells and effectively prevents the binding of Salmonella Typhimurium to Caco-2 cells. Lactobacillus plantarum with Lsyn−7 presented the strongest co-aggregation with Staphylococcus aureus (85.1%), S. typhimurium (85. 02%) and Listeria monocytogenes (77.4%). The adherence potential of tested probiotic strains was highly correlated with auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, co-aggregation, and competitive inhibition of L. monocytogenes and S. typhimurium. The findings suggest that Lsyn−7 can be a candidate to promote the adhesion potential of selected probiotic strains. For the reason that the application of probiotic strains has been more interested in their positive influences in the gastrointestinal tract, it is essential to use some functional compounds, such as postbiotics, to improve adhesion abilities and cell surface properties in terms of bacterial binding.
Highlights
This study aimed to investigate the effect of postbiotics on the adhesion abilities of many probiotics, increasing our knowledge about their interactions
The hydrophobicity of all probiotic strains grown with postbiotics was in the order
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no study has been conducted on determining the postbiotics effect on the cell surface properties and the adhesion potential of selected probiotic strains
Summary
The word “-biotics” indicates strategies that fit with proper nutrition that can be used to modulate the colonic microflora towards healthy benefit on the host. The word ‘biotic’ is formed from the Greek term “biotikós”, which means “relating to life”. It can be used to describe the biological ecosystem consisting of organism communities joined with their natural environment [1]. Probiotic strains modify the intestinal microbiota and were used to improve the health of humans and animals [2]. Many well-characterized strains of bifidobacterial and lactobacilli are available for human use for the benefit of the host [2].
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