Abstract
Potassium channels control the flow of ions across cell membranes with gating mechanisms involving conformational changes at the intracellular gate and the selectivity filter. Opening of the intracellular gate via external stimuli (activation) results in a transient period of conduction before the selectivity filter undergoes a conformational change, which constricts the permeation pathway (inactivation). When the applied stimulus is removed and the lower gate closes (deactivation), the filter slowly resets to a conductive conformation (recovery from inactivation).
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