Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation of latency and amplitude of P300 cognitive potential and the degree of lateralization of brain hemispheres. The study included 60 subjects whose age was between 45 and 56 years. Bioelectric brain activity was recorded using argentum chloride (AgCl) electrodes that were placed at central line of the scalp (over Fz and Cz regions) according to the international 10-20 standard. P300 was generated using 'oddball' paradigm with randomized stimuli: A frequent 1000 Hz tone with an occurrence of 80 % and a 2000 Hz tone (target) with a 20 % occurrence. The measurement is done with the right hand (first recording) and left hand (second recording). All subjects in this study were tested for usage lateralization and showed that they are right-handed. Based on the results of gestural lateralization subjects are divided in three groups. In the group with high degree of lateralization latencies of P300 were significantly lower when dominant hand was used in comparison to non-dominant hand, on Fz electrode (t = 4,162, p<0,01) and Cz electrode (t = 5,302, p<0,01 (p<0.01) and amplitudes of P300 were significantly higher, on Fz electrode (t=-2,725, p<0,05), on Cz electrode (t=2,527, p<0,05). However, there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) for latencies and amplitudes of P300 between dominant and non-dominant hand for the group of subjects with weak and average degree of lateralization. In both subject groups, significantly faster RT was measured when dominant hand was used. The P300 cognitive potential and reaction time can contribute to the study of indicators of the functional hemispheric asymmetry of the brain.
Highlights
The functional asymmetry of the hemispheres implies that there are differences in the organization of the left and right cerebral hemispheres, as well as in the types of function for which they are specialized [1]
The P300 cognitive potential and reaction time can contribute to the study of indicators of the functional hemispheric asymmetry of the brain
The aim of the research is in line with current interest in neurophysiology, which is focused on testing the P300 ERP parameters as one of the possible indicators of functional asymmetry of the cerebral hemispheres
Summary
The functional asymmetry of the hemispheres implies that there are differences in the organization of the left and right cerebral hemispheres, as well as in the types of function for which they are specialized [1]. The left hemisphere processes the information sequentially, by seeking differences among things, breaking the whole into separate parts and observing details, which makes it characteristically analytic. The right hemisphere processes the information simultaneously, by seeking similarities between things, synthesizing, and considering the whole, which makes it characteristically synthetic. Most of the functions of the brain is based on cooperation between the two hemispheres. It is important to emphasize that the majority of brain function is based on the cooperation between the two hemispheres [4]. The right hemisphere is dominant in prosody (melody, rhythm of speech) and in the understanding of the affective and emotional components of speech
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