Abstract
(1) Aim: The study aimed at assessing simple-reaction, recognition and cognitive-reaction times to visual stimuli among student athletes: boxing, gymnastics, taekwondo, judo, karate and wrestling, using computer games tests. (2) Methods: Our study involved 332 students and athletes. We applied three types of computer tests to measure the dominant and non-dominant hands: the simple motor reaction time through the Human Benchmark test, the recognition time by the Hit-the-dots and the cognitive reaction time by the Trail making test part B. (3) Results: For dominant and non-dominant hands, better results of individual sports were for: simply reaction time—boxing; recognition reaction time—taekwondo; cognitive reaction—judo. (4) Conclusions: Athletes had better simple reaction with the left hand than with the right hand. Athletes had better recognition and cognitive reaction time with the right hand than with the left hand regardless of the dominant hand. The outcomes of our study indicate that the reaction times of left and right hands were influenced by the hand laterality, the type of applied stimulus, the stress complexity of tests and the type of practiced sport.
Highlights
Simple reaction time (SRT) is a simple reaction to a single stimulus
The aim of the study was to explore the differences between simple reaction time, recognition reaction time and cognitive reaction time, between the right hand and the left hand according to the types of sport using computer games as measurement tools
Our study revealed that all subjects normally use the right hands
Summary
Recognition reaction time (RRT) involves a cognitive process of selecting the optimal response to multiple stimuli, and the response is dependent on the type and form of the stimuli. Cognitive reaction time (CRT) consists of identifying the significance of the stimuli, the association and application of knowledge in order to develop an optimal cognitive response in agreement with the stimulus complexity. Research on the hand laterality facilitated the understanding of the way of training and control: characteristics and reaction time of motor skills, responsiveness and motor coordination, contributing to optimizing human motor capacity. Factors that can affect the average human reaction time (RT) include: age, sex, left- or right-hand dominance, central and peripheral vision, practice, fatigue, fasting, breathing cycle, types of personality, exercise and intelligence of the subject [1]. Reaction time components are: mental processing time, afferent nerve conduction time, movement analysis time and device response time [2,3], and they are affected by: age [4], training condition [2,5,6,7], biological rhythm and, health conditions [3,8]
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