The importance of forests in the conservation and prevalence of orchids in Megamexico

Abstract

Objective: To describe the threats to forests and the repercussions that these imply for the maintenance and conservation of orchids in their natural habitat. Design/Methodology/Approach: A comprehensive reference search on orchids and their habitats was performed. The physiological and morphological characteristics of orchids in Megamexico are described according to their life forms; additionally, the way in which these adaptations respond to the environment in which they thrive is explained. In this regard, threats to orchids and forests are listed. Therefore, emphasis is placed on the implications that habitat loss would have for the prevalence of many orchid species in this biogeographical region. Results: The humid forests of the mountain ranges of Megamexico host an impressive orchid richness, where there are far more epiphytic life forms than terrestrial ones. However, these ecosystems face a major threat from anthropogenic activities. As a result of the constant threats faced by forests —such as deforestation, arsons, land use change, etc.—, epiphytic orchids are the most threatened species, due to the loss of their habitat and the ecological requirements they need to survive. Study Limitations/Implications: This study describes the threats to many orchid species as a result of habitat loss and illegal looting. Findings/Conclusions: Forest conservation is vital for orchid maintenance and conservation because genetic diversity and ecological interactions among orchid species and other organisms are maintained.