The Impacts of Large Scale Electric Vehicles Charging Behaviour on Distribution System and Local Traffic System

Abstract

Large scale electric vehicles (EVs) will be deployed in the future, but there is no systematic research on how their charging behaviour would impact power distribution system and local traffic system. This paper proposes an architecture of “road network – distribution network – large scale EVs” for further research, upon which a road network model, a distribution network model (charging stations included) and a large scale EVs model are established. An evaluation system model is also built in consideration of the characteristics and the interrelations of these subsystems. On this basis, a case of 30,000 EVs operating in the fast charging pattern at a particular period of time within the third ring of Beijing is simulated. The analysis draws the conclusions that the charging behaviour of large scale EVs will cause excessive voltage decrease and power loss in the distribution network as well as local congestion in the road network; also, different distributions of charging stations and different distribution network structures will cast different impacts on the whole system.