Research on a two-stage power management system for electric vehicles

Abstract

The large-scale application of electric vehicles that can be connected to the grid in the future will pose new challenges to the existing theories and methods of power system planning and operation. The disorderly charging behaviour of a large number of electric vehicles may bring significant negative effects on the safety and economic operation of the power system. Free charging of a large number of electric vehicles will increase the load of the power system, and even cause the phenomenon of line congestion, so that the active distribution network cannot operate normally. Based on the two-level power management system, this paper proposes a price elasticity matrix to reflect car owners' response to charging prices of charging stations at different locations, and designs an optimal real-time charging service fee pricing scheme for multiple charging stations to guide car owners' charging behaviour. Simulation results show that the proposed blocking scheduling strategy can effectively guide car owners to make reasonable charging plans while taking into account the benefits of charging facility operators, owners' charging costs and owners' satisfaction with the way they use electricity, solve the possible distribution network congestion caused by large-scale electric vehicles' centralized charging in the network and improve the safety and economy of power grid operation.