Abstract
Simple SummaryThis study examined the impact of whole sesame seeds (WSS), rich in both linoleic acid and lignans, on the innate immunity of goats. WSS were incorporated in the concentrates of the control group at 5 and 10% respectively, by partial substitution of both soybean meal and corn grain. The highest supplementation level of WSS resulted in a significant down-regulation in the expression levels of several pro-inflammatory genes in the neutrophils of goats. In conclusion, the dietary supplementation of goats with WSS might be a good nutritional strategy to improve their innate immunity.Whole sesame seeds (WSS) are rich in both linoleic acid (LA) and lignans. However, their impact on the innate immunity of goats is not well studied. Twenty-four goats were divided into three homogeneous sub-groups; comprise one control (CON) and two treated (WWS5 and WWS10). In the treated groups, WSS were incorporated in the concentrates of the CON at 5 (WSS5) and 10% (WSS10) respectively, by partial substitution of both soybean meal and corn grain. The expression levels of MAPK1, IL6, TRIF, IFNG, TRAF3, and JUND genes in the neutrophils of WSS10 fed goats were reduced significantly compared with the CON. The same was found for the expression levels of IFNG and TRAF3 genes in the neutrophils of WSS5 fed goats. Both treated groups primarily affected the MYD88-independent pathway. The dietary supplementation of goats with WSS might be a good nutritional strategy to improve their innate immunity.
Highlights
Introduction iationsN-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in humans have anti-inflammatory role [1]since resolve inflammation [2] and eliminate pain in inflammatory circumstances [3]
Taking into account all the above, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of Whole sesame seeds (WSS) at two different levels (5 and 10%) on the expression of selected key-genes (NLRC3, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Myeloid-Differentiation-primary response gene 88 (MYD88), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-KB), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-1 (MAPK1), Interleukin 1 Alpha (IL1A), interleukin 1 Beta (IL1B), tumor necrosis factor a (TNFA), Tumor necrosis factor Beta (TNFB), IL2, Interleukin 6 (IL6), Interleukin 10 (IL10), Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), TRIF, Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3), Interferon gamma (IFNG), TNF Receptor-associated Factor 3 (TRAF3), Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 (IRF5), C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), Interleukin 8 (IL8), CXCL16, Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO1), JUND and Conserved Helix-Loop-Helix-Ubiquitous Kinase (CHUK)) involved in the innate immunity of dairy goats
Asignificant reduction in the expression levels of MAPK1, IL6, TRIF, IFNG, TRAF3 and JUND genes in the neutrophils of WSS10 fed goats compared with the CON was found (Figure 1)
Summary
Introduction iationsN-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in humans have anti-inflammatory role [1]since resolve inflammation [2] and eliminate pain in inflammatory circumstances [3]. On the other hand, increased consumption of linoleic acid (LA), the main fatty acid (FA) of the n-6 PUFA group, might be related with inflammatory diseases due to its metabolization in LA-derived pro-inflammatory lipoxins and arachidonic acid, which further leads to pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and prostaglandins production [4]. An enhancement in the concentrations of pro-inflammatory leukotriene and prostaglandins [5] was found in rats fed with high LA diets. Higher tumor necrosis factor a (TNFA), and interleukin-7 concentrations in the liver of pregnant rat, consumed a high compared with low LA diet, was observed, without the cytokines content in their blood to be affected [6]. Excessive dietary LA consumption increased significantly the TNFA content in Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
