Abstract
Dredged sediments in estuarine and coastal waters can cause sediment transport and water pollutant in marine environment since the sediments are diffused to waterbodies under the influence of wave and flow regimes. As a result, it increases turbidity and enhances sediment deposition at dump sites. In Vietnam, few authors have studied and assessed the environmental impact of dumping and dredged materials to the port areas. This paper combines a coupled spectral wind-wave, hydrodynamic, and sediment transport models in order to study the impact of tide and wave conditions to regional sediment transport patterns at Vung Ang port area in Vietnam. The results for the currents and waves were evaluated and validated using field data. Wind and wave data for the calculated domain are extracted from the WAVEWATCH-III (wave data) and NOAA global climate change models (wind data). The calibration and validation of the MIKE 21/3 showed a high conformity between the observed and simulated data based on the mean absolute error (MAE), the RMSE-observation standard deviation ratio (RSR) and the Percent bias (PBIAS). The MIKE 21/3 sediment transport simulation results showed that the highest suspended sediment concentrations were 2.5-3 g/m3 at the dredging position and the increased concentration along the transport route ranged from 1-1.5 g/m3. The simulation results showed the bed level change of the simulated domain. We found that the suspended sediment diffusion area decreased with the respective depth: Layer 1 (65.5 km2), Layer 2 (45.7 km2), and Layer 3 (37.4 km2). Therefore, the simulation results of the dredged materials activities were significantly affected by the wave and tidal regime on the sediment transport. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091749 Full Text: PDF
Highlights
All around the world, seaports play an important role in navigation and economic development of every country
The MIKE 21/3 model was established for the calculated domain with the hydrometeorological and sediment parameters, only the wind and wave data for the whole calculated area were extracted from the WAVEWATCH-III and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) global climate change models
The evaluation of simulation results was based on the mean absolute error (MAE), the RMSE-observation standard deviation ratio (RSR) and the Percent bias (PBIAS) known as the coefficient of model efficiency (Nash-Sutcliffe)
Summary
Seaports play an important role in navigation and economic development of every country. The majority of studies in this field focused on assessing the bottom water level and bedmud level changes, and turbidity of spreading and dissipating to pollution water quality within several hours after dredging [15,16,17]. They used numerical 2D and 3D models to simulate the sediment transport and evaluate the impact of dredging and dumping activities on the marine environment near the port [18,19,20,21]. Because no publications have been carried out at Son Duong - Vung Ang Port (Ha Tinh province, Vietnam) in evaluating the impact of sediment transport from dredging activities, we, selected it as our case study
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