Abstract
This paper presents an optimal solution for the selection of the starting instance of the analog-to-digital conversion for the purpose of the estimation of the root mean square (RMS) value of an arbitrary periodic signal when the ratio of the sampling frequency and the signal's fundamental frequency value is low and a non-integer. This selection of the optimal starting threshold is discussed in the context of the application of the two most common numerical methods used in measurement instrumentation today: the rectangular method and the trapezoidal rule. The appropriate threshold selection results in a significantly reduced measurement uncertainty of the estimated RMS value and improved measurement performances without necessitating major modifications or upgrade of the existing hardware. All theoretical results have been experimentally validated. The research is an original contribution to the field of mathematical modeling of methods implemented in microprocessor used in contemporary instrumentation.
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