Abstract
Large amounts of organic waste are produced worldwide. This work aims to evaluate the influence of organic fertilizers, onion peel flour (OPF) and fruit and vegetable flour (FVF) on lettuce cultivation. Lettuce seeds were planted in pure soil (P), P with 10% OPF, and P with 3% FVF. Soil and lettuce leaves were analyzed. The addition of OPF and FVF improved soil quality but only in the soil with FVF was there significant lettuce growth and increase of antioxidant activity: Folin (8.89 mg EAG/g FM), FRAP (1.31 mg Fe2+/g FM), ABTS (4.09 mg TEAC/g−1 FM) and ORAC (0.52 mg TEac/g−1 FM). The present results show an improvement in lettuce nutritional quality and the potential of FVF as an organic fertilizer.
Highlights
Lettuce analyzed by FRAP resulted in 1.78 mg Fe2+ /g FM and lettuce grown in soil with fruit and vegetable flour (FVF) 1.31 mg Fe2+ /g, showed no relevant difference in the results found in both studies with this method
The vegetable residue FVF was successfully utilized as organic fertilizer for Crespa lettuce cultivation
Lettuces cultivated in soil with FVF added showed improved antioxidant capacity and higher total phenolic content than reported in the literature, indicating a better nutritional profile
Summary
The amount of organic waste generated is approximately 1.3 billion tons per year, with 670 million tons generated by developed countries and 630 million tons generated by developing countries. Is organic waste [1]. These residues represent an economically viable and abundant raw material for use in different processes, such as the production of biochemicals, biomaterials, and energy [2]. Onion skin is one of the primary residues generated during processing and this residue is used as a supplement in bread production, quercetin purification, and pigment extraction [3]. Onion peel has a large amount of carbohydrates (82.15%), a smaller amount of protein (3.06%), ashes (5.93%), and fiber (7.78%), and a high content of biopolymers, approximately
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