Abstract
Background: To examine the impact of maternal HBsAg carrier status on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: Forty-seven carriers of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) admitted in the antenatal ward were retrospectively studied and their obstetric outcome was assessed. Results: The prevalence of HBsAg carrier status amongst indoor antenatal hospital population was found to be around 0.5%with average age of patients being 26 years. Amongst the study population 89% (40) patients delivered at term whereas only 4.4% (2) and 6.6% (3) patients had preterm delivery and abortions respectively. In our study 71.1% (32) delivered vaginally and the LSCS rate was found to be 22.2% (10) Only 2.2% (1) patient had hyperbilirubinemia and all patients had normal serum alamine transferase levels. Associated obstetric problem was found in 40%(18) of study population out of which meconium stained amniotic fluid and premature rupture of membranes were present in approximately 10% of cases each. Average birth weight in our study population was 2.8 kg. Neonatal intensive care unit admission was 7.1% (3) while stillbirth rate was around 2.3% (1) of total deliveries. All neonatal intensive care admission were for respiratory distress and they were later shifted to mother and discharged healthy making the live birth rate around 98%amongst total deliveries. Conclusions: HBsAg carrier mothers are mostly asymptomatic and had excellent obstetric outcome. Meconium stained amniotic fluid and premature rupture of membranes are commonly associated obstetric problems. LSCS rate is comparable with general population. Active and passive immunization of neonate is the mainstay of management.
Highlights
Hepatitis B infection is endemic in Asia and Africa
All cases of Hepatitis B surface antigen positive antenatal cases, admitted to antenatal ward during 2 year period from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2014 were included in the study
Our observations are as follows: Prevalence: We had total 47 number of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive cases from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2014 admitted to our antenatal ward amongst total 8467 antenatal admissions during the same period
Summary
Hepatitis B infection is endemic in Asia and Africa. Its incidence has decreased in the United States by 80% since vaccination was introduced in 1980. Despite this there are estimated 1.2 million chronic carriers in the United States and 400 million worldwide. Hepatitis B is an important human carcinogen second only to tobacco (WHO) responsible for acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Chronic infection follows in 5-10% of acute hepatitis and in 70-90% of infants [1]. Maternal-fetal transmission is the principal mode of transmission (Figure 1). To examine the impact of maternal HBsAg carrier status on pregnancy outcomes
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