Abstract
Several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have investigated the effect of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGE) on obesity factors and related hormones in adults; results were conflicting. Therefore, a study was performed to assess the effect of low advanced glycation end products diet on obesity and related hormones. A comprehensive literature search without any limitation on language was conducted using the following bibliographical databases: Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Embase up to October, 2019. From the eligible trials, 13 articles were selected for the systematic review and meta-analysis. Our systematic reviews and meta-analyses have shown a significant decrease in BMI (WMD: − 0.3 kg/m2; 95% CI: − 0.52, − 0.09, p = 0.005; I2 = 55.8%), weight (WMD: − 0.83 kg; 95% CI: − 1.55, − 0.10, p = 0.026; I2 = 67.0%), and leptin (WMD: − 19.85 ng/ml; 95% CI: − 29.88, − 9.82, p < 0.001; I2 = 81.8%) and an increase in adiponectin (WMD: 5.50 µg/ml; 95% CI: 1.33, 9.67, p = 0.010; I2 = 90.6%) levels after consumption of the low AGE diets compared to the high AGE diets. Also, the effect of intake of low AGE compared to high AGE diets was more pronounced in subgroup with duration > 8 weeks for the BMI and weight. Overall, according to our results, although low AGE diets appeared to be statistically significant in reducing the prevalence of obesity and chronic diseases compared to high consumption of dietary AGEs. But, no clinical significance was observed. Therefore, to confirm these results clinically, further prospective studies should be conducted in this regard. The study protocol was registered in the in International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) database as CRD42020203734.
Highlights
Several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have investigated the effect of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGE) on obesity factors and related hormones in adults; results were conflicting
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of consumption of low dietary AGEs on obesity and its related hormone
Our findings regarding obesity indices showed that low dietary AGEs could reduce body mass index (BMI) and body weight but had no noticeable impact on waist circumference
Summary
Several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have investigated the effect of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGE) on obesity factors and related hormones in adults; results were conflicting. Overall, according to our results, low AGE diets appeared to be statistically significant in reducing the prevalence of obesity and chronic diseases compared to high consumption of dietary AGEs. But, no clinical significance was observed. Recent studies have demonstrated that the consumption of highly processed foods that are extremely high in fat, sugar, salt and potentially toxic compounds known as advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)[4,5] are associated with increased risk of chronic d iseases[6,7]. There is no established recommendation surrounding the intake of foods with high amount of AGEs such as heat treated cereal or powdered milk which may be considered contributing to a healthy diet This meta-analysis was carried out to analyze the effects of diet-derived AGEs on obesity and related hormones, as well as to discuss the molecular mechanisms of action of these compounds on the development of chronic diseases
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