The impact of leptin and its receptor polymorphisms on type 1 diabetes in a population of northwest Iran

Abstract

Background Diabetes comprises a serious disease with significant growth in the number of cases in recent years. Here, we cover the gap in information between leptin (LEP) and type 1 diabetes in the Iranian population. Aim To recognise LEP G2548A and LEP receptor Q223R polymorphisms in Iranian people and their association with type 1 diabetes susceptibility. Subjects and methods Characteristics such as fasting blood sugar (FBS) were measured in 80 control non-diabetic individuals and 89 diabetic patients. Moreover, LEP G2548A and LEP receptor Q223R polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Results The frequency of the A allele was nearly three times greater in diabetes patients than in the control group. In addition, in the diabetes group, the AA genotype was five times greater than in the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, AA and AA + AG genotype models had higher FBS levels than the GG + AG and GG genotype models, respectively (p < 0.01). Conclusion The LEP G2548A polymorphism could be related to type 1 diabetes susceptibility, but not LEPR Q223R polymorphism in the Iranian population. Importantly, further studies are essential to examine the impact of LEP G2548A and LEPR Q223R polymorphisms in the endocrinology area.