The Impact of Environmental Pollution on Congenital Anomalies of New Birth in Kirkuk City – Iraq

Abstract

The Birth abnormalities or congenital malformations can emerge during the fetal development stage or from a parent's genetic composition. The main contributors to neonatal and childhood disease and impairment are congenital abnormalities. Increase the observation of congenital anomaly (CA) in Mama Village that belong to Kirkuk city has been made with information about frequency and nature of these abnormalities. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of congenital anomaly in Mama Village that belong to Kirkuk city. A Cross sectional study that includes 60 couples who are living in Mama Village for the duration from March 2020 to March 2022 to investigate the risk of congenital anomaly that increases in frequency in 2019. The data was collected by direct interview of the participants and took a full history of the performing ultrasonography. The highest prevalence of CA that reach 55%, 96.7% of participant were cousin. Nearly two third of participant had single anomaly. Central nervous system anomaly was the most prevalent anomaly in the current study, and hydrocephalous was presented in 18.3% of them. Young age group mother, cousin marriage and history of infant death were a risk factor for CA. It is concluded that a higher prevalence of congenital anomaly in the current study especially when compared with the number of area population. The central nervous system was more probable which shown to be substantially correlated with maternal history of prior previous child death, paternal consanguinity, and age. Higher prevalence of central nervous system could be related to the environment effect which is (weapon-related) occur in the studied area previously. Key words: Congenital anomaly, cousin marriage, weapon explosion.