Abstract
ObjectiveWe prospectively investigate the relation between baseline circulating endothelial progenitor cells and the subsequent development of restenosis after angioplasty of hemodialysis vascular access.BackgroundEffect of angioplasty for hemodialysis vascular access is greatly attenuated by early and frequent restenosis. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a key role in vascular repair but are deficient in hemodialysis patients.MethodAfter excluding 14 patients due to arterial stenosis, central vein stenosis, and failed angioplasty, 130 patients undergoing angioplasty for dysfunctional vascular access were prospectively enrolled. Flow cytometry with quantification of EPC markers (defined as CD34+, CD34+KDR+, CD34+KDR+CD133+) in peripheral blood immediately before angioplasty procedures was used to assess circulating EPC numbers. Patients were followed clinically for up to one year after angioplasty.ResultsDuring the one-year follow-up, 95 patients (73%) received interventions for recurrent access dysfunction. Patients in the lower tertile of CD34+KDR+ cell count had the highest restenosis rates (46%) at three month (early restenosis), compared with patients in the medium and upper tertiles of CD34+KDR+ cell count (27% and 12% respectively, p = 0.002). Patients in the lower tertile of CD34+KDR+ cell count received more re-interventions during one year. Patients with early restenosis had impaired EPC adhesive function and increased senescence and apoptosis. In multivariate analysis, the CD34+KDR+ and CD34+KDR+CD133+ cell counts were independent predictors of target-lesion early restenosis.ConclusionOur results suggest that the deficiency of circulating EPCs is associated with early and frequent restenosis after angioplasty of hemodialysis vascular access.
Highlights
A functioning vascular access greatly influences the survival and quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis
Our results suggest that the deficiency of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is associated with early and frequent restenosis after angioplasty of hemodialysis vascular access
[5] Clinical studies have shown that circulating EPC numbers are decreased and associated with vascular events in hemodialysis patients. [6,7] limited data are available about the role of EPCs for venous intimal hyperplasia in hemodialysis patients
Summary
A functioning vascular access greatly influences the survival and quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis. [6,7] limited data are available about the role of EPCs for venous intimal hyperplasia in hemodialysis patients. Maintenance of the integrity and function of the endothelium has been shown to play a pivotal role in the prevention of restenosis after angioplasty. We conducted this prospective study to evaluate the impact of circulating EPC number and function on the outcome of vascular access. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a key role in vascular repair but are deficient in hemodialysis patients
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