The impact of Diplazium esculentum on the activities of cholinesterase, paraoxonase-1, and malondialdehyde in vegetable farmers who use pesticides

Abstract

Background: .The use of pesticides in the world is currently increasing and even uncontrolled and poses a risk of pesticide poisoning for farmers. Diplazium esculentum is a biodiversity in Indonesia and contains active compounds include steroids, triterpenoids, phenols, flavones and high antioxidant potential, which contains flavonoid compounds that have the potential to reduce pesticide poisoning Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of Diplazium esculentum on enzyme cholinesterase activity, paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity in farmers exposed to pesticides. Methods: This study used a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) experimental design, in which the researcher divides research samples between the experimental and control groups at random using double-blind criteria. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, cholinesterase activity, paraoxonase-1 (PON1), and malondialdehyde (MDA) test are examined. There were 375 participants in this study, all of whom were pesticide-using vegetable growers in Kanreapia Village, Tombolopao District, Gowa Regency. 42 persons served as samples, although (21 people in the intervention group and 21 people in the control group). Results: Results showed that Diplazium esculentum had a significant effect on cholinesterase and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity in the intervention group compared to the control group. However, there was no significant effect on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in pesticide-using vegetable farmers. Conclusions:  There is an effect of Diplazium esculentum on enzyme cholinesterase, and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity, and there is no effect of Diplazium esculentum on malondialdehyde (MDA) in farmers exposed to pesticides.