The impact of antiplatelet drugs on recurrent stroke in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage

Abstract

BackgroundThe influence of antiplatelet drugs on the risk of hemorrhagic stroke and the reduction of ischemic stroke in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of antiplatelet therapy on the risk of recurrent stroke in ICH patients. MethodsThe study encompassed ICH survivors discharged from a central Taiwanese teaching hospital between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2019. Patient hospitalization and treatment data were retrieved from electronic medical records. The primary endpoint was re-hospitalization due to ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Patients who continued antiplatelet drug use for over a month prior to stroke recurrence constituted the antiplatelet drug use group. Risk factors for recurrent hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes were evaluated using binary logistic regression. ResultsThe study incorporated 407 ICH patients, each monitored for 4 years post-stroke. Recurrent stroke incidence showed no significant disparity between hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes. Hemorrhagic stroke recurrence stood at 5.16 % (21/407), and ischemic stroke recurrence was 4.42 % (18/407). In the non-antiplatelet group, hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke rates were 5.48 % (20/365) and 3.56 % (13/365) respectively. In the antiplatelet group, the rates were 2.38 % (1/42) for hemorrhagic and 11.9 % (5/42) for ischemic stroke, with a significantly higher ischemic stroke rate (p = 0.03). Hypertension emerged as a risk factor for recurrent hemorrhagic stroke, while diabetes mellitus was identified as a risk factor for ischemic stroke. Antiplatelet drug use did not escalate the risk of recurrent ICH. ConclusionDiabetes mellitus and hypertension are risk factors for recurrent ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes respectively in ICH patients. Antiplatelet therapy does not appear to elevate the risk of recurrent hemorrhagic stroke in these patients.