Abstract
The object of research is the relationship between the state and the individual under totalitarian and liberal regimes. Investigated problem: in the article the concepts of totalitarian and liberal regime is analyzed, their nature and relation are revealed. The characteristics of each of them are considered. It highlights the impact that they have on the ideal of kalokagathia is highlighted. In a society in which the ideas of kalokagathia can be realized, there must be freedom, which is the most important value of the individual. Both directions of democratic thought ‒ totalitarianism and liberalism welcome the higher value of freedom. A person can’t independently distinguish what is good, harmonious for it, and what is evil, it is not able to make competent decisions, it is always under the influence of the outside world and its conditions. Political regimes can be considered to a large extent, as the basic conditions for human existence. In some cases, these conditions can both stimulate a person and suppress it. This can lead to the fact that government agencies of direct action and coercion can make decisions for it or give rise to the right of permissiveness and thought only of oneself. The main scientific results: historically, the state is called upon to realize the protective function of comprehensive harmonious human development (the ideal of kalokagathia) at the national level, but under the conditions of the presented regimes, this process undergoes various transformations and can’t be fully realized and does not correspond to reality. The harmonious development of man is always full of dissonances and struggles of various forces in the human being.
Highlights
The main scientific results: historically, the state is called upon to realize the protective function of comprehensive harmonious human development at the national level, but under the conditions of the presented regimes, this process undergoes various transformations and can’t be fully realized and does not correspond to reality
The ideal of kalokagathia, as an idea of the harmonious coexistence of high intellectual, physical and moral qualities, guided human aspirations at different times, but at the same time was forced to submit to the behavior of individual political regimes that existed at that time
Summing up the above, it is possible to state the following: historically, the state is called to implement the protective function of comprehensive satisfaction of human development at the national level
Summary
Problem description The long process of harmonious development of the individual has always been the key to an independent society and state. A more perfect and independent man is a value for the development of the progress of all mankind. The very idea of harmonious human development ‒ the ideal of ka-. Significant changes in the emphasis occurred under the influence of changing political regimes in the state and society. Man is always formed in the political environment and political regimes. Aristotle remarked that «Man is by nature a political animal, who lives outside the state is either an underdeveloped being or a superman». Man, who has found its completion, is the most perfect of living beings» [2, p. Man, who has found its completion, is the most perfect of living beings» [2, p. 8]
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