THE IDEA OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE SOCIAL SELF-DETERMINATION OF THE CHILD'S PERSONALITY IN PEDAGOGICAL VIEWS AND ACTIVITIES OF A. MAKARENKO

Abstract

The article in the context of the task of a modern school - the creation of organizational and pedagogical conditions of the educational environment, which provides effective social self-determination of each adolescent, taking into account its features, inclinations, life plans - considers the pedagogical achievements of A. Makarenko. The purpose of the survey is to identify and rethink the ways and means of implementing the idea of the influence of the educational environment of the institution (colony) created by him on the social self-determination of each pupil and the implementation of basic life needs (educational, household, industrial).It is proved that the value of A. Makarenko’s theory and practice lies in the fact that he formulated a number of important ideas in the field of pedagogy: the connection of education with life, multilateral influence on self-determination by means of pedagogical activity, diversity of intra-collective and inter-collective relations. From this we conclude that the upbringing and social self-determination of adolescents were constructive, despite the problems of society at that time.We consider A. Makarenko not simply as the creator of the innovative theory and technology of education; he originally developed the subject, methodology and tasks of pedagogy, where he attached leading importance to the process of socialization of complex children in its essential differences from learning and inseparable connection with it. Anton Semenovich became a successor of the concept of educational pedagogy and «school of life» based on social and labor morality laid down in the folk pedagogical tradition. A characteristic feature of his pedagogy is a strong focus on the «creation of personality», active and creative transformation of the world and man in accordance with the objective laws of their development. Attention to human nature, its general and individual development are integral in his work from strengthening and enriching the social essence of the adolescent's personality. Addressing the process of mastering and developing the heritage of A. Makarenko as a prehistory for solving modern pedagogical problems allows a deeper understanding of their content, ways and means of solving, rethinking and actively implementing the ideas of the teacher in the educational practice of today.