Abstract
In this work, a new and accurate method based on the wavelet transform is proposed for fault location in transmission-line systems. The proposed wavelet method consists of the analysis of the transient signal measured at a single end of the transmission line. Aerial current modes are used, and zero modes are included in the fault-detection scheme for low fault-inception angles. The fault distance is evaluated using the wavelet modulus maxima technique and a method based on the response to a half-sine voltage is proposed to overcome drawbacks arising from the limited sampling frequency and low fault-inception angle. The fault distance is calculated using the difference between the time when a 100 kHz half-sine signal is sent and the time when the derivative signal is received. The proposed algorithm is tested considering harmonic distortion and varying fault resistance, ground resistivity, location and inception angle. The high accuracy of the proposed algorithm is obtained even for faults close to the bus and low inception angles.
Highlights
Transmission-line protection is critical to power system security
wavelet transform (WT) methods offer high accuracy in fault location, a drawback associated with this method is that faults close to the substation cannot be located due to the limitation of sampling frequency
An accurate fault-location scheme for transmission lines is presented based on single-ended measurements
Summary
Transmission-line protection is critical to power system security. High speed and selective isolation of faults in transmission lines help to improve the reliability of the power supply. Accuracy in locating permanent faults is important. The most widely used fault-detection algorithms calculate the fundamental frequency of current and voltage waveforms and impedance is determined. This solution features a low computational cost and high reliability, it is time-consuming (at least one cycle). As lines are repaired by crews, a precise fault location minimizes repair time and benefits the security and quality of the supply
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